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Introduction

Insulated Panels are prefabricated building panels utilized in floors, walls, ceilings on buildings. Putting in insulated panels for building constructions are aimed to make sure the energy effectivity, easy and fast installation and a lower in working costs. A structural insulated panel (SIP) is a composite building material; consisting of an insulating layer core sandwiched between layers of metals.

Options of SIP

SIP’s are commonly made of the Oriental Strand Board (OSB) panels sandwiched round a foam core made of expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS) or inflexible polyurethane foam. Other materials similar to plywood, pressure-handled plywood for below-grade basis walls, steel, aluminum, cement board equivalent to Hardie Backer, and even exotic materials like stainless metal, fiber-reinforced plastic, and magnesium oxide will also be used in replacement of OSB. SIPs provide continuous air and vapor barrier as well as elevated R-Value compared to traditional constructions. When labor price, materials waste and energy effectivity are considered SIPs are comparable to more standard building methods.

History

The Concept of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) introduced The Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin in 1935. The laboratory developed a prototype panel consisted of framing members, plywood and hard board sheathing, and insulation. These initial panels have been used to build test houses and tested after 30 years to disclose that the panels retain their initial strength. In 1952 Alden B. Dow created the first foam cores SIPs which have been being mass produced in the 1960’s.

Tips on how to use SIP

The SIPs are designed to withstand axial loads, shear loads and out of edge loads. These can be used for floors, partitions, roofs etc… for the buildings. They have the ability to resist the bi-axial bending and lateral shear; so, they are very much suitable to be used as roofs and floors. Probably the most widely used panel joint connections are the Surface spline and Block Spline. The Surface spline Joint Connection consists of the strip of OSB or plywood inserted into slots in the foam. The block spline is a thin and slender SIP assembly that’s inserted into recesses within the foam along the panel edges. These connections result in a continuous foam core throughout the panels. This helps to eliminate air filtration on the joints.

Another joint connection is Mechanical cam locks; create a tighter joint between the panels. In any type of connection, the seam alongside the sheathing should be covered with a continuous line of panel tape. Openings could happen at the edges and corners of the panel, and so the panel foam will be recessed to access lumber headers. Any opening within the SIPs that accept one other enclosed ingredient must be properly sealed.

Benefits and Drawbacks

Benefits:

1. SIP provides the tighter building envelope and the walls will have higher insulating properties.

2. Lower in working costs.

3. Buildings made with insulated panels will be easily dismantled and reused

4. Insulated panel properties (power and thermal insulation property) will remain the identical if reused.

5. It is cost efficient as it might be put in easily

Drawbacks:

1. Quite poor performance with respect to the noise control.

2. Might be damaged by moisture. Higher to use the panels with waterproof surfaces.

3. Panels ought to be properly protected from pests/insecticides.

4. Requires a proper mechanical air flow system

5. Modification of the initial project is costly.

Conclusion

The Structural Insulated Panels come prefabricated and ready to be assembled, and hence it helps to speed up the construction.Also, it requires minimal equipment and workforce and therefore cost effective.

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